Understanding of ethics and ethical understanding of life event or Essay

Understanding of ethics and ethical understanding of life event or life stage and of the ceremony that celebrates it - Essay Example This article highlights the concept of ethics in its simplest possible form. Many people tend to equate ethics with feelings. They believe that being ethical is like following one's feelings. This is however clearly not true because feelings frequently deviate from what is right. On the other hand ethics should not even be identified with religion. It is true that most religions do preach ethics in the purest form. Many believe in supernaturalism i.e good is what god has ordained. However, we must understand that ethics and observation of moral codes of behaviour are as much a duty of a religious person as that of an atheist or someone who is not that religious for that matter. Therefore ethics is clearly not a factor of religion. Ethics is also not the same as following the law. It is true that more often than not laws regulate ethical conduct in a society. However, laws like feelings can deviate from being right. Lastly, ethics is not about doing whatever the society accepts. Accor ding to the theory of cultural relativism good is equivalent to what is acceptable in the society. Cultural relativism exhorts that ethics is not about objectivity and that they vary from place to place and culture to culture. This is partly correct. However; socially approved is not always good for the following reasons. Standards of behaviour in societies frequently deviate from what the right thing to do is. ... Although it was by no means an ethical thing to dowhen we look at it logically through the eyes of reason. Even though cultural relativists may not agree with this statement and argue that female infanticide was the right thing to do in the context of the Arab culture. It was the accepted norm in the society and few dared to challenge it. In addition to this the lack of social consensus on many issues prevents societal acceptability to become an ethical standard. Therefore it is futile to assume that any of the above mentioned sources of ethics can dictate ethical standards. Another approach to determining ethical standards is that of consequentialism. This theory asserts that an action is good or bad because its results are good or bad. Thereby the morality of a certain behaviour or conduct is determined by its results. More simply put the ends justify the means. Consequentialists would consider Robin Hood to be ethical because he was stealing for a good cause. However, there is a catch in this theory. It completely disregards means. Although I believe that means are as important as the ends. If you are collecting money through unfair means and giving it for charity, you are by no means being ethical because your means are wrong. Ethical behaviour should comprise both the right means and the right ends. Only then can conduct be classified as truly ethical and right.( Gensler.H, 1998) Other than this many believe that intuition is the perfect judge of right and wrong. Most moral judgements can be made by relying on one's intuition and that there are certain objective moral truths which are universally acceptable. The basic moral truths are thereby though to be evident to

Contemporaneity Rule Essay Example for Free

Contemporaneity Rule Essay It is a principle of English law that the actus reus and mens rea must coincide. That is they must happen at the same time. This is sometimes referred to as the contemporaneity rule or the coincidence of actus reus and mens rea. However, the courts often apply a flexible approach in holding that the actus reus is a continuing act. Thabo-Meli v R [1954] 1 WLR 228 Privy Council The four appellants were convicted of murder. They had planned to kill a man and then make it look like an accident. They took him to a hut and beat him over the head. Believing that he was dead, they then took his body to a cliff and threw it off. Medical evidence showed that the deceased died from exposure of being left at the bottom of the cliff and not from the blow to the head. They appealed against their convictions on the grounds that the actus reus and mens rea of the crime did not coincide. That is to say when they formed the intention to kill, there was no actus reus as the man was still alive. When they threw him off the cliff, there was no mens rea as they can intend to kill someone they believed was already dead. Held:Convictions upheld. The act of beating him and throwing him off the cliff was one continuing act. Lord Reid: It appears to their Lordships impossible to divide up what was really one transaction in this way. There is no doubt that the accused set out to do all these acts in order to achieve their plan and as parts of their plan; and it is much too refined a ground of judgment to say that, because they were under a misapprehension at one stage and thought that their guilty purpose and been achieved before in fact it was achieved, therefore they are to escape the penalties of the law. Fagan v MPC [1969] 1 QB 439 A policeman was directing the defendant to park his car. The defendant accidentally drove onto the policemans foot. The policeman shouted at him to get off. The defendant refused to move. The defendant argued at the time of the actus reus, the driving onto the foot, he lacked the mens rea of any offence since it was purely accidental. When he formed the mens rea, he lacked the actus reus as he did nothing. Held:The driving on to the foot and remaining there was part of a continuing act. R v Hale [1978] 68 Cr App R 415 The two defendants broke into a womans home. One went upstairs and took some jewellery from her bedroom. After taking the jewellery the two of them tied her up. They were convicted of robbery and appealed on the grounds that the force came after they had appropriate the jewellery and thus did not come within the requirement of being immediately before or at the time of stealing. Held:Convictions upheld. The appropriation of the jewellery was a continuing act. Eveleigh LJ: To say the conduct is over and done with as soon as he laid hands on the property is contrary to common-sense and to the natural meaning of the words. The act of appropriation does not cease. It is a continuous act and it is a matter for the jury to decide whether or not the appropriation has finished. The Law of Robbery The offence of robbery is contained in s.8 of the Theft Act 1968. In criminal law, robbery is a form of aggravated theft, in that it involves the offence of theft plus force or threat of force on a person. The maximum sentence for robbery is life imprisonment. Under s.8 of the Theft Act 1968 a person is guilty of robbery if he steals, and immediately before or at the time of doing so, and in order to do so, he uses force on any person or puts or seeks to put any person in fear of being then and there subjected to force. The principle of all the cases above will be : Actus reus and men rea must be coincide in the point of time for the accused to be guilty

Elements of The Lord of the Rings in Final Fantasy VIII Essay -- Lord

Elements of The Lord of the Rings in Final Fantasy VIII      Ã‚  Ã‚   J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings trilogy is arguably the most influential work of fantasy literature in modern times. Its epic tale of good against evil and its surreal world of magical and unusual characters and places have captured and enchanted readers since its publication half a century ago. The story of the struggle to destroy the One Ring still influences numerous tales of adventure in literature, film, and role-playing games. Since the advent of role-playing video games, the Final Fantasy series has endured in a genre where many other games seem to blend together. It marks a standard in the world of role-playing games in much the same way The Lord of the Rings marks a standard in fantasy literature. This essay shall examine these two epic adventures and show some of the ways in which Final Fantasy VIII draws upon elements from The Lord of the Rings.    At the center of Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings is the basic struggle between good and evil, manifested through the battle over the One Ring. The story draws upon traditional Christian theology and ideas about good and evil, right and wrong. Goodness in The Lord of the Rings is represented by selflessness and an interest in the good of all, with a willingness to give of oneself for the good of the whole. However, the border between good and evil is not always clear, and characters are not necessarily completely good or completely evil. Selfishness, greed, and hunger for individual power are destructive forces for evil within individual characters, and characters must use their own moral compass to choose whether to strive for good or give in to the temptation of evil. Even... ...Merry and Pippin or Zell Dincht. Perhaps it is the vulnerability in characters like Frodo Baggins or Squall Leonheart; seemingly 'regular guys' who are thrust into extraordinary situations and who persevere for the forces of good in the world. Regardless, both The Lord of the Rings and the Final Fantasy series are works that have managed to grow beyond the narrow bounds of their genre, and both will likely remain influential standards by which other works are judged.    WORKS CITED Final Fantasy VIII. SquareSoft/Electronic Arts. 1999. Final Fantasy: Worlds Apart. Final Fantasy VIII home page. Tolkein, J.R.R. The Fellowship of the Ring. New York: Ballantine Books, 1954. ---. The Return of the King. New York: Ballantine Books, 1955. ---. The Two Towers. New York: Ballantine Books, 1954.   

Mobile phone and Landline phone Essay

Phones are important because we rely on them to communicate with other people. Despite the cell phone cannot give you a clear, crystal clear connection as a landline phone. Landline phone is a device which we connect to the output of our homes and businesses. On the other hand, cell phones and mobile have the capacity and advanced technology. While they both perform the same basic function, there are significant differences between landline and mobile phones. There are many differences between landline and mobile phones. Convinces of having a cell phone is that you can have it on hand where ever you go. As for a landline you cannot take it with you. Cell phone have a GPS technology that can find your exact location or where you trying to go. Cell phone also can give you the chance to take live pictures or video camera whereas landline cannot. Cell phone has great features such as watch TV, MP3 players, can store all our contact information, keep track of our appointments, and important dates. The most important advantage of landlines for cell phones that 9-1-1 operators can better determine your location in an emergency. When you call 9-1-1 from a landline phone, the operator can find the exact address where the call originated. When you call 9-1-1 from a cell phone, on the other hand, the operator only receives information about your approximate latitude and longitude, which can be from 50 to 300 yards. If you are in an emergency and cannot speak to give 9-1-1 operator your location, have stationary can save your life. The similarity of landline and cell phone is the fact that they are both used for communication. One quality of the technology they are good for emergencies, for example, if you just need to call a friend or family, as the technology can do this. Both are good and reliable person depends on your needs. In conclusion, we know that cell phones are more comfortable and fashionable than landline. Phones have improved over the year; we have gone from the house phone to cell phones. Cell phones and home phones are similar in a couple of ways, but very different in many ways. Nowadays we see people on the streets with their cell phones, as many people know that it’s easier and cheaper

Exploring Business Purpose Essay

Introduction: In this assignment I will be focusing on 4 different organizations and explaining their purpose, ownership, size and scale in full detail. Organization 1 ASDA: ASDA is a huge British supermarket which retails Mediterranean Food, CDs, Books, Videos, Clothing, Jewellery and House wares. ASDA is the UKs second largest food retailer after Tesco, ASDA was owned by Wal-Mart in 199ASDA is Wal-Marts largest non-US subsidiary. Furthermore ASDA is a private sector business (a business run for private profit and it is not controlled by the government). Purpose of ASDA: The purpose of ASDA is mainly to make profit but apart from that ASDA’s purpose is to provide goods and services that are cheap and affordable to consumers or the public. Also to reduce the cost of their products, in addition ASDA has another purpose which is packaging their products well and to support voluntary sector services. ASDA lives by a set of values that makes them unique, the company’s values include respect for individuals (staff, and customers) and good customer service and a try hard for excellence. ASDA takes corporate responsibility (management on a company’s impact on society and the environment) very seriously, ASDA believes that supporting corporate responsibility can make their products more affordable for customers. Ownership: ASDA is a Public Limited Company PLC (A PLC is a type of limited company which is permitted to offer shares to the public) an American retailing company called Wal-Mart owns ASDA. Its shareholders own the company and this causes the ownership to constantly change, as the share are constantly bought and sold. Size/Scale: ASDA is a very large business because it currently has 356 stores, which has 160,00 employees 95,00part-time employees and 65,00full-time employees. Also ASDA is a very large business because it sales in excess of 17 billion with over 17 million customers. This shows that ASDA is a very big business. ASDA is a national business which is all around the UK, they also have a brand George which is global, George is ASDA’s clothing brand name, so any clothing that is sold will be a George brand. This means that ASDA will be known more and will be making more money. Organization 2 Richer Sounds: Richer Sounds is a business which is owned by Julian Richer, Richer Sounds retails electronic goods such as; TV gears, hi-fi, home cinema systems etc. Previously Richer Sounds was in the Guinness book of records for the highest sales per square foot any retail outlet in the world and in 2002 Richer Sounds was judged as the best British owned company by the Sunday Times. Purpose of Richer Sounds Richer Sounds purpose is to expand their business, also to work as a team and to provide us their greatest products at a price which beats other company’s prices. Ownership: Richer Sounds is in the private sector, however in1987 they have decided to become an unlisted Public Limited Company (PLC) and since 1990 they have been an unlisted plc. Richer Sounds is 100% owned by Julian Richer (the founder and managing director of the company), Richer sounds decided to become an unlisted PLC because they did not want to offer any shares to the public. Size/Scale: Richer Sounds is a medium sized business, it currently has 48 stores nation wide 10 stores in London and 38 stores out of London. It has around 500 employees, 180 workers in their office or in their management and 320 employee’s works in retailing and warehousing. Moreover in 2003 Richer Sounds sales turnover was nearly 87 billion and their profit before tax was 4.5 million this means Richer Sounds has sold almost 280,000 of goods (in 2003). Richer Sounds is a nationwide business (businesses owned through out the whole nation). Organization 3 Royal Mail/Post Office: Royal Mail is the national postal service of the United Kingdom, the Post Office is a retail company in the United Kingdom formerly part of the postal service Royal Mail. Post office is an independent agency of the regional government responsible for mail delivery (and sometimes telecommunications) between individuals and business in England. Post Office is the operator for the royal mail, it delivers mails and parcels for the royal mail. Purpose of Post Office: The purpose of Royal Mail is the leading postal service operator in the UK, Providing national and international distribution of mail and parcels, the Royal Mails operating unit is mainly Post Office. Furthermore the Post Office provides different types of services which are; licenses, taxes and insurance, stationary (in store). Ownership: Royal Mail/Post Office is a public sector business (the part of economy concerned with providing basic government services), the public sector deals with delivery of goods and services by and for the government whether national or regional. Size/Scale: Post Office is a very large business because, everyone uses Post Office because they have to send off their mails which is very important to them. Post Office has a network 12,500 branches, Post Office is the largest network in Europe and the largest retail branch in the United Kingdom handling more cash then any other businesses. Post Office has more than 400,000 members of staff in addition it has had a profit of 16 billion. Post Office is a nation wide business it operates in the United Kingdom. However Royal Mail delivers mail through out the world but they do not operate globally. Organization 4 Oxfam: Oxfam is a confederation , that has joined hands to help find solutions to poverty and injustice with 13 organizations working over 3,000 partners in more than 100 countries. Oxfam works to improve the lives of the poor and to influence the powerful so that their message can be spread. Purpose of Oxfam: The purpose of Oxfam’s being is so that they can help people who are in need of shelter, food and money Oxfam does by collecting donations from us which is their customers. Oxfam does not just receive donations they also have stores which sales second hand clothing for a very cheap price, the money they receive is given to people in need. Ownership: Oxfam is a Voluntary Sector business (Business that involves workers who do not work for profit and operate with a meaningful degree of volunteer involvement) because it is done for the sake of helping people, private sector is mainly done for profit and to supply goods, so therefore I think that Oxfam is a voluntary sector business because it is a business organized to help people and it is not done for profit. Size/Scale: Oxfam is a medium-large business but it is not as large as other businesses e.g. ASDA and Post Office however Oxfam is a very important business. Oxfam has more than 13 organizations working with over 3,000 partners in more than 100 countries to find lasting solutions to poverty and injustice. Oxfam is a Global organization because it has 13 stores in different places all around the world.

Science Experiment - Jean Piaget Experiment - Year 10 Cert. essays

Science Experiment - Jean Piaget Experiment - Year 10 Cert. essays According to Jean Piaget, the concrete operations stage develops in children between the ages of 7 and 11 years. They develop a course of thought which allows them to perform some higher mental processes, such as performing simple mathematics operations (like addition and subtraction). Concrete Operations is one of the four stages of Cognitive Development in children that were proposed by Jean Piaget, a renowned child psychologist. Cognitive Development, or Cognitive Structures as they are also known, are patterns of mental or physical action that underlie specific acts of intelligence and correspond to stages of child development. There are 4 primary Cognitive Development stages. Intelligence is based on only motor actions and through assimilations. For example, infants have certain skills in regard to objects in their environment. These skills were certainly simple ones, sensori-motor skills, but they directed the way in which the infant explored his or her environment and so how they gained more knowledge of the world and more sophisticated exploratory skills. These skills he called schemas. For example, an infant knows how to grab his favorite rattle and thrust it into his mouth. Hes got that schema down pat. When he comes across some other object say daddys expensive watch, he easily learns to transfer his grab and thrust schema to the new object. This Piaget called assimilation, specifically assimilating a new object into an old schema. When our infant comes across another object again say a beach ball he will try his old schema of grab and thrust. This of course works poorly with the new object. So the schema will adapt to the new object: Perhaps, in this example, squeeze and drool would be an appropriate title for the new schema. This is called accommodation, specifically accommodating an old schema to a new object. All of this is based on the pr...

Essay about Lupus Electronic Health Records

Essay about Lupus Electronic Health Records Essay about Lupus: Electronic Health Records Southwest Florida College Alicia Howell November 3, 2013 Week 6 Ms. Fish Alicia Howell Week 6 Chapter 7 1. Problem list and problem oriented views of the chart organize the data by problem and encounter date. 2. Problem list provide an up-date list of the diagnosis and conditions that affect that particular pt’s care. 3. Problem list track both acute and chronic conditions. 4. Wellness conditions on the problem lists are used to generate preventive care recommendations for healthy patients. Wellness conditions are based on the age and sex of the patient and are used in health maintenance and preventive screening programs to keep healthy patients healthy. 5. Previous encounters or patient visits. 6. Citing from a previous exam note means to bring a finding into the current encounter usually as a follow-†up to a previous visit. 7. Comparing the change of certain test components over a period of time. 8. Click on the Graph menu, and click on the menu item Weight. 9. Numerical values 10. An order that has been sent to the lab for which no results have been received. 11. Highlight the finding to be graphed, click on the graph menu, click on the menu item "current finding." 12. Plan section of previous encounters. Additional information: Findings from any group can be added to the Care Plan manually. 13. Clicking on the labels over the columns of data. 14. On the Problem List tab right mouse click on a problem and select "Resolved" or "Clear This Problem" from the drop-†down list. Electronic health records can provide many benefits for providers and their patients, but the benefits depend on how they're used. Meaningful use is the set of standards defined by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Incentive Programs that governs the use of electronic health records and allows eligible providers and hospitals to earn incentive payments by meeting specific criteria (cms.gov). The benefits of the meaningful use of EHRs include: Complete and accurate information. With electronic health records, providers have the information they need to provide the best possible care. Providers will know more about their patients and their health history before they walk into the examination room. Better access to information. Electronic health records facilitate greater access to the information providers need to diagnose health problems earlier and improve the health outcomes of their patients. Electronic health records also allow information to be shared more easily among doctors' offices, hospitals, and across health systems, leading to better coordination of care. Patient empowerment. Electronic health records will help empower patients to take a